This is a combination of a load index of 91 (615 kg) and a speed index of V (240 km/h).
What do the symbols on tires mean (speed index, load capacity) – a guide
Tire markings may look like a random string of numbers and letters, but they actually contain a complete set of key information about tire parameters. You'll find information about size, construction, maximum speed, load rating, and production date. Knowing how to read them allows you to better select tires for your car, improves driving safety, and makes it easier to check the vehicle's technical condition.
All markings are located on the tire sidewall. This is where the manufacturer provides information about dimensions, indexes, manufacturing technology, and seasonal use. Knowing how to read them will allow you to check key tire parameters in seconds.
The most important data is listed on a single line, indicating the tire size. This is the basic information you should always start with. Reading it allows you to ensure that the tires are suitable for your specific vehicle model.
Besides the size, the load and speed indexes are located next to them, indicating the maximum load and permissible driving speed. Further on, additional symbols appear, providing information about seasonality, construction, and manufacturing technology.
One of the most common designations is 205/55 R16. Each of these values has a specific meaning.
The first number indicates the tire's width in millimeters. In this case, it's 205 mm. The second number indicates the tire's profile, which is the ratio of the sidewall height to the width expressed as a percentage. The number 55 means that the sidewall height is 55% of the tire width.
The letter R indicates the radial construction, which is currently standard in passenger cars. The last number, 16, indicates the rim diameter in inches. Together, these elements constitute the full tire size and should meet the vehicle manufacturer's recommendations.
The load index indicates the maximum load a single tire can carry. This parameter is extremely important because it directly impacts driving safety. A value that is too low can lead to tire overheating, reduced stability, and, in extreme cases, damage.
The load index is written as a number after the tire size. Each number is assigned a specific maximum weight per wheel.
A load index of 91 indicates a maximum load of 615 kg per tire. This means that a set of four tires can carry a weight exceeding 2,400 kg. This parameter must be consistent with the vehicle's permissible gross vehicle weight.
Selecting the correct load index is particularly important for cars that are often loaded with passengers or luggage.
The speed rating appears immediately after the load index and is written as a letter. It indicates the maximum speed at which the tire can travel when fully loaded. The further down the alphabet, the higher the speed limit.
The symbol H indicates a maximum speed of 210 km/h. This is one of the most common ratings found in passenger cars.
The V rating allows for driving at speeds up to 240 km/h. It is used in cars with higher performance and greater engine power.
The letter W denotes a speed limit of up to 270 km/h. It is found on sports cars and high-performance models.
The tire sidewall also features symbols indicating its seasonal designation. These are important markings that help you select tires for specific road conditions.
The 3PMSF symbol, a snowflake with three mountain peaks in the background, indicates a tire suitable for winter driving conditions. This confirms snow traction testing.
The M+S (mud + snow) marking only indicates improved performance in mud and snow, but does not necessarily indicate a fully-fledged winter tire.
All-season tires often feature the combined 3PMSF and M+S markings. They may also include sun, snowflake, or all-season symbols.
Summer tires typically don't have dedicated seasonal symbols. Their performance is best checked on the EU tire label, which provides information on wet grip and rolling resistance.
Run-flat tires allow you to continue driving after losing pressure. They have reinforced sidewalls that support the vehicle's weight even after a puncture.
Various manufacturers use their own designations for this technology:
In most cases, it is possible to drive after a puncture at a speed of up to 80 km/h for a distance of several dozen kilometers.
The tire's manufacturing date is located next to the DOT marking. This is a four-digit code located on the sidewall.
The first two digits indicate the week of manufacture, and the last two indicate the year. For example, 1223 indicates the twelfth week of 2023. Tire age is important because rubber degrades over time, even if the tread appears good.
Other symbols can also be found on tires that provide additional information.
The "Rotation" marking with an arrow indicates the rolling direction of a directional tire. The "Outside" marking indicates the outside of an asymmetric tire. The "XL" symbol indicates a reinforced structure with increased load capacity.
You may also see the "TWI" marking, which indicates the location of the tread wear indicator. When the tread reaches this level, the tire should be replaced.
